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Femoral head ostectomy is a surgical procedure primarily performed to relieve pain and improve function in cases of severe hip joint issues, particularly in dogs and cats. It involves the removal of the femoral head, which is the ball-shaped upper end of the femur (thigh bone) that fits into the hip socket (acetabulum). This surgery is commonly indicated for conditions such as hip dysplasia, fractures, or severe cases of avascular necrosis, where the blood supply to the femoral head is compromised, leading to bone death. The procedure aims to alleviate discomfort caused by osteoarthritis and joint instability, allowing patients to regain mobility without the pain associated with these conditions. Prior to surgery, a thorough evaluation is conducted, which may include radiographs to assess the severity of the hip condition. During the surgical process, the patient is placed under general anesthesia, and an incision is made over the hip to access the femoral head. The surgeon carefully dislocates the joint and removes the femoral head, after which the remaining structures form a floating limb whereby the femur is now left without articulation in the hip socket. Postoperatively, scar tissue develops at the surgical site, which helps stabilize the joint and allows the animal to use the limb effectively despite the absence of the femoral head. Recovery from a femoral head ostectomy varies depending on the individual animal, but most patients can resume normal activities within weeks to a few months following surgery. Physical therapy, including gentle exercises and hydrotherapy, can be beneficial during the rehabilitation phase to strengthen the muscles around the hip and enhance overall mobility. Although the procedure does not restore the normal anatomy of the hip joint, it is highly effective in controlling pain and improving the quality of life for animals suffering from debilitating hip conditions. Importantly, age, weight, and overall health of the patient are factors considered before determining the suitability for this surgery, as well as the owner's capacity to follow the postoperative care instructions. The outcome in many cases is favorable, with most pets experiencing significant pain relief and a good functional outcome, allowing them to engage in their usual activities. It is crucial for pet owners to work closely with their veterinarians to ensure the best possible results, which includes adherence to any prescribed medication, activity restrictions, and follow-up visits to monitor the recovery process. Femoral head ostectomy remains a cornerstone in managing specific hip-related conditions, highlighting the importance of timely intervention for a better quality of life for affected animals.